Michelle

CTO cardiology is a complex topic that requires a thorough understanding of chronic total occlusion and its impact on coronary arteries and blood flow. Chronic total occlusion refers to the complete blockage of a coronary artery that lasts for three months or longer. It is a common condition that affects millions of people worldwide and […]

Low blood pressure after heart surgery is a common occurrence that can be caused by a variety of factors. Patients who undergo heart surgery may experience a drop in blood pressure due to the effects of anaesthesia, blood loss, infections, or heart failure. While high blood pressure is one of the most common risk factors

Lack of exercise has been identified as a significant risk factor for heart disease. According to the British Heart Foundation, physical inactivity can increase the risk of developing heart disease by as much as 35%. This is because regular exercise helps to control blood pressure, raises levels of good cholesterol, and reduces the bad cholesterol.

Ischemic heart disease, also known as coronary artery disease, is a condition that affects the heart’s blood vessels. It occurs when there is a buildup of plaque in the arteries that supply blood to the heart, leading to reduced blood flow. This can cause chest pain, shortness of breath, and other symptoms. One of the

Heart failure is a condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs, leading to symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling in the legs and ankles. While there is no cure for heart failure, there are several treatment

Hypertensive heart disease is a condition that affects many people worldwide. It occurs when high blood pressure damages the heart, leading to various complications such as heart failure, stroke, and sudden cardiac death. Although hypertensive heart disease is a common condition, sudden cardiac death is a rare but severe complication that can occur without warning.

Cycling is an excellent cardiovascular exercise that can help improve heart health. However, it is important for cyclists to monitor their heart rate to ensure they are not overexerting themselves. High heart rate during cycling can lead to fatigue, muscle damage, and other health problems. Therefore, it is essential to learn how to lower heart

Heart stents are small, mesh-like tubes used to treat narrowed or blocked arteries in the heart. They are designed to improve blood flow to the heart and reduce the risk of heart attack and other cardiovascular complications. However, some people may require multiple stents to manage their condition. In this article, we will explore how

Physical inactivity is a major risk factor for heart disease. It is estimated that a sedentary lifestyle increases the risk of developing heart disease by as much as 35%. Regular physical activity, on the other hand, can help control blood pressure, raise levels of good cholesterol, and reduce the bad cholesterol, all of which contribute

Hole in heart symptoms can be caused by a congenital heart defect, which is a condition that is present at birth. This type of defect can occur when the heart doesn’t form properly during fetal development. It can also be caused by other factors, such as genetics or exposure to certain drugs or chemicals during

Heart vein blockage, also known as coronary artery disease, is a serious condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the heart become narrow or blocked, preventing the heart from receiving enough oxygen and nutrients. This can cause chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, and other symptoms

Heart surgery is a complex and intricate medical procedure that requires the expertise of a heart surgery specialist. These specialists have years of training and experience in performing heart surgeries, making them the most qualified professionals to handle such procedures. Heart surgery specialists perform a wide range of surgeries, including coronary artery bypass grafting, heart

Bradycardia is a condition where the heart beats slower than the normal resting heart rate of 60 to 100 beats per minute. It is a common condition that can occur in people of all ages, including infants and athletes. While some people with bradycardia may not experience any symptoms, others may experience dizziness, fatigue, shortness

Heart rate is an essential indicator of overall health, and it is important to understand how it varies between genders. Women tend to have a slightly higher resting heart rate than men, which means that their hearts are working harder to pump blood throughout their bodies. Resting heart rate is the number of times your

Heart palpitations refer to the sensation of the heart beating too fast, fluttering, or pounding. They can be alarming, but in most cases, they are not serious. Some people may experience heart palpitations occasionally, while others may experience them frequently. There are several factors that can influence heart rate, including physical activity, stress, caffeine, and

Heart pain or chest discomfort is a common symptom that can be caused by various underlying conditions. Pain or discomfort in the lower left side of the chest can be particularly concerning, as it may indicate a problem with the heart. In this article, we will explore the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for

Heart health is a critical aspect of overall wellness. The heart is one of the most important organs in the body, and it plays a crucial role in maintaining good health. Unfortunately, heart disease is a common health issue that affects many people around the world. Fortunately, there are many heart health supplements that can

Cardiology and cardiothoracic surgery are two medical specialties that deal with the diagnosis and treatment of heart disease. Cardiology is the study and treatment of heart disease, while cardiothoracic surgery is a surgical specialty that focuses on the treatment of heart and lung diseases. Both of these specialties play a vital role in the management

Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death worldwide, and heart disease is responsible for one in every four deaths in the UK. With such a significant impact on public health, it is essential to have access to the best possible care and treatment. Cardiology hospitals provide specialized care for heart and vascular diseases, and

Regular visits to a cardiologist are a crucial component of maintaining good heart health. However, many people are unsure about how often they should see a cardiologist. The frequency of visits depends on several factors, including a patient’s age, medical history, and current health status. For individuals with a history of heart disease or other

The Singapore Cardiology Society is a professional organization that aims to advance the knowledge and practice of cardiovascular medicine in Singapore. Founded in 1969, the society has made significant strides in promoting research and publications of medical and scientific works in cardiovascular medicine. In addition, the society is committed to promoting regional and international cooperation

Cardiology and cardiothoracic surgery are two medical specialties that deal with the diagnosis, treatment, and management of heart and lung diseases. Cardiologists are physicians who specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of heart diseases, while cardiothoracic surgeons are medical doctors who specialize in the surgical treatment of heart and lung diseases. Cardiologists focus on the

AR medical abbreviation cardiology refers to Aortic Regurgitation in the field of cardiology. Aortic Regurgitation or AR is a condition where the aortic valve of the heart is unable to close tightly. This results in the backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. AR is a type of heart valve

Cardiologists and cardiac surgeons are both medical professionals who work to diagnose and treat heart disease. However, their roles, training, and procedures differ significantly. Understanding the differences between the two professions can help patients make informed decisions about their healthcare. Cardiologists are doctors who specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of heart disease. They use

Fractional shortening (FS) is a key parameter in cardiology that is used to estimate the ejection fraction of the heart. It is calculated by measuring the percentage change in left ventricular diameter during systole. FS is measured in parasternal long axis view (PLAX) using M-mode. The end-systolic and end-diastolic left ventricular diameters are measured to

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is a term that describes a range of conditions related to sudden, reduced blood flow to the heart. ACS is a life-threatening medical emergency that requires immediate attention. The most common cause of ACS is the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque in a coronary artery, leading to the formation of a

A fast heartbeat or palpitations can be a scary experience. While it is normal for the heart rate to increase during exercise or stressful situations, a consistently fast heartbeat could be a sign of an underlying medical condition. If you find yourself asking “why is my heart always beating fast?” it is important to understand

Why do females have a higher heart rate than males: A Medical Explanation The female heart has long been known to beat faster than the male heart. This difference in heart rate has been attributed to a variety of factors, including age, hormones, and anatomical differences. Understanding the underlying causes of this difference is important

Blood pressure is a measure of the force of blood against the walls of your arteries. A heart attack occurs when the flow of blood to the heart is blocked, usually by a blood clot. During a heart attack, the heart muscle is starved of oxygen and nutrients, which can cause damage to the heart

During exercise, the heart rate increases to supply the muscles with the necessary oxygen and nutrients. However, when the heart rate goes too high, it can be dangerous and lead to adverse health effects. Understanding what constitutes a dangerously high heart rate during exercise is crucial for anyone who wants to maintain a healthy lifestyle.

A rapid heartbeat, also known as tachycardia, is a condition in which the heart beats faster than normal. It is a common experience and can occur due to various reasons. Understanding the causes of a fast heart rate can help individuals take steps to manage the condition. The heart is a vital organ that pumps

Waking up with a fast heart rate can be a frightening experience for many people. This phenomenon, also known as tachycardia, can occur due to various reasons, including physical and emotional stress, medical conditions, and lifestyle factors. Understanding the underlying causes and learning how to manage them can help alleviate the symptoms and improve overall

Vein blockage in the heart is a serious condition that can lead to a heart attack or stroke. It is caused by a buildup of plaque in the arteries that supply blood to the heart. This plaque can cause the arteries to become narrow, reducing blood flow to the heart and increasing the risk of

TGA Medical Heart is a complex congenital heart defect that affects the two main arteries that carry blood out of the heart. The condition is also known as Transposition of the Great Arteries and is present at birth. In TGA, the aorta and the pulmonary artery are switched in position, which can lead to serious

Heart attack is a leading cause of death worldwide. It occurs when blood flow to the heart is blocked, which can cause damage to the heart muscle. Recognising the symptoms of an oncoming heart attack is crucial in getting prompt medical attention, which can save a person’s life. Symptoms of a heart attack can vary

Heart disease is a leading cause of death worldwide, and one of the most common forms is coronary artery disease (CAD). CAD is caused by a buildup of plaque in the arteries that supply blood to the heart. This can lead to chest pain, shortness of breath, and even heart attacks. One treatment option for

Heart attack and stroke are two of the most common cardiovascular diseases that can occur suddenly and without warning. They can happen to anyone, regardless of age, gender, or ethnicity. It is essential to recognise the signs and symptoms of these conditions so that immediate actions can be taken to prevent severe complications. Symptoms of

Running is a popular form of exercise that can help improve cardiovascular health, increase endurance, and reduce stress. To get the most out of running, it’s important to understand heart rate zones and how they can be used to develop a personalised running training plan. Heart rate zones are a way to measure the intensity

Right arm numbness can be a concerning symptom, especially when it comes to heart health. While there are many potential causes of right arm numbness, it is important to be aware of the potential link between this symptom and a heart attack. Understanding the relationship between right arm numbness and heart attacks can help individuals

Resting heart rate is the number of times your heart beats per minute while you are at rest. It is an important indicator of your overall health and fitness level. Resting heart rate can vary based on age, gender, and other factors. Understanding Resting Heart Rate Resting heart rate tends to decrease as a person

Pygeum, also known as Pygeum africanum, is an extract derived from the bark of the African cherry tree. It has been traditionally used for medicinal purposes, particularly in treating urinary problems, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Pygeum is also believed to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which may contribute to its potential health benefits.

Potassium is a mineral that plays an essential role in the human body’s functioning. It helps regulate the heartbeat, aids in muscle contraction, and maintains fluid balance. However, too much or too little potassium can cause health problems, especially in people with heart failure. Heart failure is a chronic condition in which the heart cannot

Cardiac stenting is a minimally invasive procedure that is used to treat coronary artery disease. The procedure involves the insertion of a small metal mesh tube, known as a stent, into the narrowed or blocked artery to restore blood flow to the heart. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is another term that is commonly used to

Open-heart transplant is a surgical procedure that involves replacing a diseased or damaged heart with a healthy heart from a deceased donor. This procedure is typically reserved for patients with end-stage heart failure who have exhausted other treatment options. Open-heart transplant is a complex and risky procedure that requires careful evaluation, preparation, and postoperative care.

A normal heart rate is a crucial aspect of cardiovascular health. The heart rate is the number of times the heart beats per minute, and it can vary depending on various factors, such as age, gender, and physical activity. Understanding heart rate is essential for maintaining good health and preventing heart-related diseases. Measuring heart rate

Myocardial infarction and heart failure are two distinct medical conditions that affect the heart. While both conditions can have similar symptoms, they differ in their causes, diagnosis and treatment. Understanding the differences between myocardial infarction and heart failure is crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment of these conditions. Myocardial infarction, also known as a heart

Resting heart rate refers to the number of times the heart beats per minute when a person is at rest. It is an essential metric for monitoring one’s health and fitness level. The minimum resting heart rate varies from person to person, depending on several factors such as age, gender, and physical activity level. Understanding

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a non-invasive tool used to measure the electrical activity of the heart. It is a fundamental diagnostic test used in the evaluation of patients with suspected cardiac disease. The ECG records the electrical impulses generated by the heart and displays them in a graphical format, which can be used to determine

Marathon runners know that training for a marathon requires a lot of hard work and dedication. To achieve peak performance, runners must optimize their training regime and monitor their progress. One essential aspect of marathon training is understanding heart rate zones and their importance in achieving optimal performance. Heart rate zones are a crucial part

What is a Healthy Walking Heart Rate? Understanding the Importance of Heart Rate During Exercise Walking is a popular form of physical activity that can be enjoyed by people of all ages and fitness levels. It is a low-impact exercise that can help improve cardiovascular health, strengthen muscles, and reduce stress. One important aspect of

Low blood pressure and low heart rate are two conditions that are often linked together. While they can occur independently, they are frequently seen together and can cause a range of symptoms and complications. Understanding the relationship between these two conditions is important for anyone who is concerned about their cardiovascular health. Low blood pressure,

High levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol are strongly associated with heart disease, a leading cause of death worldwide. LDL cholesterol, often referred to as “bad” cholesterol, contributes to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, which can lead to heart attacks and strokes. While high levels of LDL cholesterol are a major risk factor

Ischemic heart disease, also known as coronary artery disease, is a condition that occurs when there is a decrease in blood flow and oxygen supply to the heart muscle. This can cause chest pain or angina, shortness of breath, and even heart attacks. Risk factors for ischemic heart disease include high blood pressure, high cholesterol,

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. It occurs when the blood vessels that supply the heart with oxygen and nutrients become narrowed or blocked, leading to chest pain, shortness of breath, and heart attack. While certain risk factors such as age, sex, and family history cannot be changed, there are

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a rare congenital heart defect that affects the left side of the heart. This condition is characterized by an underdeveloped left ventricle, aorta, and other structures on the left side of the heart. It is a severe condition that requires prompt medical attention. Babies with HLHS need a series

Heart attack is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the blood flow to the heart is blocked, causing damage to the heart muscle. It is a leading cause of death worldwide, and it is important to take steps to prevent it. While there is no guaranteed way to prevent a heart attack, there are several

A healthy heart rate is important for overall health and wellbeing. The heart rate is the number of times the heart beats per minute and can vary depending on age, fitness level, and other factors. A normal resting heart rate for adults is between 60 and 100 beats per minute. However, it is important to

Temperature is one of the most important environmental factors that can affect heart rate. The human body is designed to maintain its internal temperature within a narrow range, and any deviation from this range can cause changes in heart rate. In general, when the body is exposed to high temperatures, the heart rate increases, while

Heart failure is a serious medical condition that occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs. This can cause a range of symptoms, including shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling in the legs and ankles. While heart failure cannot be cured, there are many ways to manage the

Heart failure is a serious medical condition that occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs. It is a chronic and progressive condition that can significantly reduce a person’s quality of life and increase their risk of mortality. Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication that is commonly used to